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Lesson 11: Entonación

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La entonación de un idioma se refiera a la melodía; el tono de la voz y la modulación de la misma a lo largo de la oración.

Cambios en la entonación pueden transmitir información sutil de la emoción o actitud del orador además de indicar si es una afirmación, pregunta, exclamación o una orden.

Preguntas

Cuando expresamos una pregunta cerrada, es decir, requiere una respuesta de sí o no, el tono irá subiendo paulatinamente hasta su punto más alto en la última palabra.

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?  Did you enjoy the film?

? Are you OK?

? Is it cold outside?

Sin embargo cuando hacemos una pregunta abierta, empezando con los pronombres interrogativos, que empiezan por Wh.. como what.., no subimos la entonación al final para indicar que es una pregunta por que la primera palabra  ‘what’ ‘when’ ‘where…’ ya nos lo indica así que la entonación cae.

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? Where did you buy that shirt?

? Who was at the party yesterday?

? What kind of car do you have?

? Where is the train station?

Solo subiríamos la entonación en estas preguntas si quisiéramos indicar sorpresa.

?  Where did you buy that shirt?            It’s horrible!

Los question tags o ‘coletillas interrogativas’ son mini preguntas que ponemos al final de las frases para pedir confirmación o información que nos falta del oyente – se traducen a ¿verdad? O ¿no?

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? You lived in England, didn’t you?

En esta frase la entonación puede caer al final si solo queremos confirmación, no estoy seguro así
que quiero que me lo confirmes.

You lived in England, didn’t you?

O puede subir si nos falta esa información.

Practicamos estás frases, entonación hacia arriba:

You have seen this film before, haven’t you?

The station is near here, isn’t it?

They sell oranges, don’t they?

It isn’t cold outside, is it?

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Y entonación hacia abajo:

Your sister doesn’t speak Spanish, does she?

Mike can’t come to the party, can he?

It isn’t yours, is it?

You’ve got a cat, haven’t you?

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Afirmaciones

En la mayoría de las afirmaciones que expresan hechos o información (no clarificar ni enfatizar) la entonación cae al final de la frase.

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? Escucha estas frases y presta atención a la caída de entonación al final. (American English)

1. He’s very kind.
2. She’s very patient.
3. You are very clever.
4. Everybody likes her.
5. I do my homework.
6. She works for a company.

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fade=”no” background_parallax=”none” enable_mobile=”no” parallax_speed=”0.3″ background_blend_mode=”none” video_mp4=”” video_webm=”” video_ogv=”” video_url=”” video_aspect_ratio=”16:9″ video_loop=”yes” video_mute=”yes” video_preview_image=”” absolute=”off” absolute_devices=”small,medium,large” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_background_color=”” sticky_height=”” sticky_offset=”” sticky_transition_offset=”0″ scroll_offset=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ admin_label=”Listas”][fusion_builder_row][fusion_builder_column 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Listas

Artículos en una lista llevan una entonación ascendente hasta el último artículo que lleva entonación descendente.

[/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_audio src=”https://carterschoolofenglish.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/I-love-dancing.mp3″ loop=”off” autoplay=”off” preload=”none” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”#fc1d00″ controls_color_scheme=”” progress_color=”#0214e0″ max_width=”” border_size=”” border_color=”” border_radius_top_left=”” border_radius_top_right=”” border_radius_bottom_right=”” border_radius_bottom_left=”” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_vertical=”” box_shadow_horizontal=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” /][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” font_size=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

? Escucha estas frases.

1. I love dancing, singing and going to the cinema.
2. She has English classes on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
3. This t-shirt comes in green, red and brown.

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Expresando Sentimientos

Emociones con energía como felicidad, excitación, miedo o molesto suelen usar entonación ascendente.

[/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_audio src=”https://carterschoolofenglish.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/I-cant-believe.mp3″ loop=”off” autoplay=”off” preload=”none” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”#fc1d00″ controls_color_scheme=”” progress_color=”#0214e0″ max_width=”” border_size=”” border_color=”” border_radius_top_left=”” border_radius_top_right=”” border_radius_bottom_right=”” border_radius_bottom_left=”” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_vertical=”” box_shadow_horizontal=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” /][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” font_size=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

? Escucha estas frases.

1. I can’t believe you met him.
2. That’s amazing.
3. I think there is someone upstairs.

Don’t ever do that again.

[/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” font_size=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

Emociones como aburrimiento, falta de interés o sarcasmo suelen terminar en entonación descendente.

[/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_audio src=”https://carterschoolofenglish.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/I-bet-your-pleased.mp3″ loop=”off” autoplay=”off” preload=”none” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”#fc1d00″ controls_color_scheme=”” progress_color=”#0214e0″ max_width=”” border_size=”” border_color=”” border_radius_top_left=”” border_radius_top_right=”” border_radius_bottom_right=”” border_radius_bottom_left=”” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_vertical=”” box_shadow_horizontal=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” /][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”25″ width=”” alignment=”center” border_size=”” sep_color=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” font_size=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

? Escucha estas frases.

1. I bet you’re pleased.
2. I’ve seen this film before.
3. You never make mistakes.

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Enfatizando la importancia de algo

Usamos entonación ascendente en palabras específicas para enfatizarlas.

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Usamos entonación ascendente en palabras específicas para enfatizarlas.

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? Escucha estas frases.

1. I saw Michael in the park today
2. I saw Michael in the park today
3. I saw Michael in the park today

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